Company Profile of Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd”

† [pic] Founder Late A. C. Abdur Rahim (1915-1982) Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Limited 01. Foundation Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Limited was built up in 1950A. D. as an exchanging organization. Late A. C. Abdur Rahim was the owner in this time. From 1954 it was built up as a constrained organization. In the new condition he needed to begin once more. He had minimal capital. His principle resources were fearlessness and a solid confidence in the Almighty, which brought him through all the troubles with an exceptional triumph. He at long last settled a little exclusive exchanging organization named Rahimafrooz Co, in Chittagong in 1950 which was later joined on fifteenth April 1954, which is presently Rahimafrooz (Bangladesh) Ltd. Rahimafrooz extended quickly into different exchanging things. Inside 5 years, Mr. Rahim had the option to go into a joint endeavor with Lucas (UK) to set up a cutting edge car battery manufacturing plant. He procured the chief organization Lucas Service Ltd in 1980 which is presently known as Rahimafrooz Batteries Ltd. Aside from business, he connected with himself in big-hearted exercises. Every single through howdy life he was regarded for his qualities and caring demeanor. Following a couple of years he left that activity and wandered into a little organization business. During mid 1940s, he got dynamic in business exchanging of scant things and increased important experience. In 1947, he chose to move to Chittagong to live in a domain of strict opportunity. pic] Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Limited was begun in business concurrence with world well known England battery organization Lucas from 1959. Later on, they built up a ultramodern battery creation production line in Nakhalpara Tejgaon, Dhaka with the â€Å"Lucas† Brand name. At that point from 1980 it go t permit from the England Lucas Company teaming up mechanical and data support. He died on the fourteenth March 1982 in London abandoning his fantasy, Rahimafrooz. At present Rahimafrooz has been delivering and advertising different sorts of batteries like car battery, stockpiling battery and so on. Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd. lso has been showcasing world well known tire â€Å"Dunlop†. Presently Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd. is associated with different sorts of creation appropriation and organization transport business. 02. Vision â€Å"To be pioneer in each market fragment by being the most favored flexibly wellspring of value items and administrations with high level of client enchant. † 03. Statement of purpose 1. †¢ Increase volume esteem share 2. †¢ Reduce per unit dispersion cost 3. †¢ Increase item portfolio 4. †¢ Strength appropriation organize 5. †¢ Ensure quality individuals with significant level responsibility 6. †¢ Benchmark c lient administrations. 04. Achievements |1954 |Incorporated by Mr. A. C. Abdur Rahimâ | |1959 |Distributorship of Lucas Battery | |1978 |Exclusive distributorship of Dunlop tire | |1980 |Acquisition of Bangladesh tasks of Lucas UK | |1985 |First maker of mechanical battery | |1985 |Pioneering Solar Power in a joint effort with BP | |1992 |First ever battery fares to Singapore | |1993 |Launched Rahimafrooz Instant Power System | |1994 |Acquisition of Yuasa Batteries (Bangladesh) Ltd and propelled Excel Retreads. |1997 |Attained ISO 9002 confirmation for RBL tasks | |2000 |First India office opened in Ahmedabad | |2001 |Awarded â€Å"Bangladesh Enterprise of the Year† | |2001 |Attained ISO 14001:1996 for RBL activities | |2001 |Launched â€Å"Agora† †the first since forever retail chain | |2002 |Launched Rahimafrooz Energy Service advancing dispersed force | |2003 |Established Rahimafrooz CNG Ltd. |2003 |Awarded â€Å"National Export Trophy† | |2004 |Metro net Bangladesh, a fiber optic based advanced arrangement supplier for data â communication, launchedâ in joint | |venture with Flora Telecom | |2004 |Received McGraw-Hill Platt Global Energy Award for Renewable Energy | |2004 |The Group praised its 50th commemoration on April 15, with a recharged, upgraded pledge to being fruitful | |while maintaining its basic beliefs | |2006 |Received the â€Å"Ashden Award† for Sustainable Energy | |2009 |Established Rahimafrooz Globatt Limited and Rahimafrooz Accumulators  limited | |2009 |Rahimafrooz launched multi brand consumer electronics outlet UREKA | |2009â |Rahimafrooz propelled incredibly famous shopper hardware brand Daewoo | |2010 |Rahimafrooz Inaugurates its greatest and most present day stockroom at Hemayatpur, Savar. | 05. Item Service Products: Rahimafrooz mostly manages gadgets items like (TV, FRIEDGE, IPS, BATTERY, Tire, LUBRICANTS and so forth). The brands that Rahimafrooz dispatch are given below†¦ [pic] Service: Rahimafrooz Bangladesh Ltd administration focus is arranged in 13 Mahakhali business regions in Dhaka. Here the result of Rahimafrooz is sold and adjusting moreover. Here the administration is done in present day modernized framework. The protests are likewise settled and handle from here. [pic] 06. Association outline [pic] 07. Grants Achievements [pic]â â [pic]â â â [pic] Asia’s Best Brandâ â â â â â â Asia’s Best Employer     C FE, CSR            CMO Award 2010â â â â  CMO Award 2010           Award 2008 [pic]â â â â [pic]â â â â â [pic] Brand Leadership         Ashden Awardâ â â â â â National Export Trophy  â â â Award 2008â â â â â â â â â â â â Award 2006â â â â â â â â â  â Award 2001-2002 08. Conveyance Network The maker and distributer must conclude how to circulate their items. Working through the entire merchants, sellers or specialists by and large is most effortless method of entering in the market. Entire venders and vendors consider about expense and traffic stream, commission before keeping an item in the store. Area is less a worry for items or administrations that clients are eager to make a special effort to discover. 08. 1: Dealers They are the approved merchant who manages the particular brand. (John M. Rathmell, Manager of the Marketing Function. John Wiley Sons, Inc. ) 08. 2: Retailers Traditional: Home to home, general stores, single line stores, claim to fame shops, retail establishments, inventory retailers, arranged strip malls The Mass Marketers: Supermarkets and rebate houses (John M. Rathmell, Managing the Marketing Function. John Wiley Sons, Inc. ) 08. 3: Wholesalers Definition: Wholesaling is worried about the exercises of those people or foundations who offer to retailers and different vendors, or to mechanical, institutional, and business clients. Be that as it may, who don't sell in noteworthy adds up to extreme purchasers. Yet, in the tire advertise, the distributer fills the need of the retailer simultaneously. Capacities from the maker point of view: give some portion of selling Four methodologies can be delivered through the tows framework. SO system speaks to inward solidarity to exploit with the outer condition. WO technique speaks to the inward shortcoming and to conquer that shortcoming by the outer chance. ST methodology speaks to the quality of the organization and to over come that the danger by the quality. WT systems are protective strategies aimed at diminishing interior shortcoming and dodging outer dangers. 09. Publicizing Promotion [pic] Rahimafrooz Company restricted cautiously incorporates and arranges its numerous correspondences channels to convey a reasonable, reliable, and persuading message about the association and its items. [pic]Rahimafrooz is utilizing a wide range of limited time manage the cost of including: †¢Print Media †¢Broadcast media †¢Outdoor Media †¢Internet Websites Rahimafrooz is utilizing gigantic special bear the cost of in print media. This is the greatest limited time manage the cost of ofâ the organization. They are giving promotion on the news paper, they are likewise distributing there own pamphlet administration through by them. [pic] Advancement, in its broadest sense, gives additional motivating forces to any gathering that is a significant factor in the showcasing of a brand. It is frequently coordinated to the purchaser or to the exchange or other powerful gathering. It is utilized to empower deals or buy an item. (Head of promoting eighth version Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong) 09. 1: TRADE SALES PROMOTION TECHNIQUES Push Policy underscores advancements concentrated on the following go-between. Exchange deals advancement strategies invigorate wholesalers and retailers to convey items and to advertise them forcefully. Makers use deals advancement strategies to urge affiliates to convey their items and to advance them all the more successfully. 09. 2: TYPES OF SALES PROMOTIONS Tests (offer purchaser for trail), Coupon (testament that gives purchaser investment funds), Cash discount (Refund cash who send a proof of procurement), Price pack (Reduce cost set apart by maker), Patronage reward (prize for ordinary use), Discounts (direct decrease of value), Allowance (cash offered to the merchant to highlight the makes item) (Principal of advertising eighth release Philip Kotler, Gary Armstrong) 09. 3: PREMIUM ITEMS Offer free or at least expense as a little something extra. Use to pull in contenders clients, various sizes of set up items. Study distinguished from the net that Burger King with the Lion King film was offered hardly any years back in USA. 10. SWOT Analysis The SWOT investigation is a significant advance in your situational examination. Surveying your firm’s qualities, shortcomings, advertise openings, and dangers through a SWOT investigation is an exceptionally basic procedure that can offer amazing understanding into the potential and basic issues influencing an endeavor. 10. 1: Strength o High organization notoriety. o Enable to give significantly more consumer loyalty than contenders. o Higher item quality. o Provide higher help quality. o Distribution adequacy is superior to the others.

Understand Chemistry Unit Conversions

Comprehend Chemistry Unit Conversions Unit transformations are significant in all sciences, in spite of the fact that they may appear to be progressively basic in science in light of the fact that numerous figurings utilize various units. Each estimation you take should revealing with the correct units. While it might take practice to ace unit changes, you just need to realize how to increase, separation, include, and take away to do them. The math is simple as long as you probably are aware which units can be changed over starting with one then onto the next and how to set up transformation factors in a condition. Know the Base Units There are a few basic base amounts, for example, mass, temperature, and volume. You can change over between various units of a base amount, however will be unable to change over starting with one sort of amount then onto the next. For instance, you can change over grams to moles or kilograms, yet you cannot change over grams to Kelvin. Grams, moles, and kilograms are on the whole units that portray the measure of issue, while Kelvin depicts temperature. There are seven essential base units in the SI or decimal standard for measuring, in addition to there are different units that are viewed as base units in different frameworks. A base unit is a solitary unit. Here are some normal ones: Mass kilogram (kg), gram (g), pound (lb) Separation or Length meter (m), centimeter (cm), inch (in), kilometer (km), mile (mi) Time second (s), minute (min), hour (hr), day, year Temperature Kelvin (K), Celsius (C), Fahrenheit (F) Amount mole (mol) Electric Current ampere (amp) Iridescent Intensity candela Comprehend Derived Units Inferred units (now and again called exceptional units) consolidate the base units. A case of a determined unit is a unit for zone, square meters (m2) or the unit of power, the newton (kgâ ·m/s2). Additionally included are volume units. For instance, there are liters (l), milliliters (ml), cubic centimeter (cm3). Unit Prefixes So as to change over between units, youll need to realize regular unit prefixes. These are utilized essentially in the decimal measuring standard as a kind of shorthand documentation to make numbers simpler to communicate. Here are some helpful prefixes to know: Name Image Factor giga- G 109 uber M 106 kilo- k 103 hecto- h 102 deca- da 101 base unit 100 deci- d 10-1 centi- c 10-2 milli- m 10-3 miniaturized scale 10-6 nano- n 10-9 pico- p 10-12 femto- f 10-15 As case of how to utilize the prefixes: 1000 meters 1 kilometer 1 km For enormous or little numbers, its simpler to utilize logical documentation: 1000 103 0.00005 5 x 10-4 Performing Unit Conversions In view of the entirety of this, youre prepared to perform unit transformations. A unit change can be thought of as a kind of condition. In math, you may review on the off chance that you increase any number occasions 1, it is unaltered. Unit changes work a similar way, aside from 1 is communicated as a transformation factor or proportion. Think about the unit transformation: 1 g 1000 mg This could be composed as: 1g/1000 mg 1 or 1000 mg/1 g 1 In the event that you duplicate a worth occasions both of these divisions, its worth will be unaltered. Youll utilize this to counteract units to change over them. Heres a model (notice how the grams counteract in the numerator and denominator): 4.2x10-31g x 1000mg/1g 4.2x10-31 x 1000 mg 4.2x10-28 mg Utilizing Your Calculator You can enter in these qualities in logical documentation on your adding machine utilizing the EE button: 4.2 EE - 31 x 1 EE3 which will give you: 4.2 E - 18 Heres another model. Convert 48.3 crawls into feet. It is possible that you realize the transformation factor among inches and feet or you can find it: 12 inches 1 foot or 12 of every 1 ft Presently, you set up the transformation so the inches will counterbalance, leaving you with feet in your last answer: 48.3 inches x 1 foot/12 inches 4.03 ft There is creeps in both the top (numerator) and base (denominator) of the articulation, so it offsets. On the off chance that you had attempted to compose: 48.3 inches x 12 inches/1 foot you would have had square inches/foot, which wouldnt have given you the ideal units. Continuously check your transformation factor to ensure the right term counterbalances! You may need to switch the portion around. Key Points Unit transformations possibly work if the units are a similar sort. For instance, you cannot change over mass into temperature or volume into energy.In science, it would be decent in the event that you just needed to change over between metric units, yet there are numerous normal units in different frameworks. For instance, you may need to change over a Fahrenheit temperature into Celsius or a pound mass into kilograms.The just math aptitudes you have to do unit transformations are expansion, deduction, augmentation, and division.

What Are the Common Errors Made by Students When Writing Analytical Essays?

What Are the Common Errors Made by Students When Writing Analytical Essays?There are several common mistakes students make when writing an analytical essay. These mistakes are usually subtle and they will not be picked up on by the professor during a reading or a critique session. That is why it is important to be aware of these common errors when preparing for an essay. You want to make sure that your essay is as good as possible in order to be successful in your program.One of the most common mistakes that students make is taking the wrong context for an example of topics sentences in analytical essay. They will use this example sentence to help them see what a topic sentence is all about. However, you cannot find a text that does not have a topic sentence in it, so your example sentence could just as easily be used in a sentence that is not context-based.It is also important to write a correct sentence. You do not want to take the context of the sentence from the original text but rather from the original source. This means that your examples of topics sentences in analytical essay will not be copied verbatim from the text, but rather from the source you are reading. You should be able to spot where a sentence is being lifted from in your reading.This is another problem students have with this type of writing. They will look at an example of topics sentences in analytical essay and say that it can't possibly be an analytic essay because the writer doesn't make any connections between the examples. When they are looking at a sentence or paragraph in the source they cannot relate to, it is likely that they will go on about the article will be lost in the back and forth between the student and the professor. The end result is not an analytically valid article that can be read by the professor.Finally, students have this problem with their own way of writing. They will use words from the source and then use those words in a different way than the source uses. Wh at you should do is try to come up with an original way of making your examples of topics sentences in analytical essay.All of these examples of topics sentences in analytical essay could easily be avoided if the student were following one simple rule. They must pay attention to what the source is saying. They must also be able to connect those examples of topics sentences in analytical essay to the source. This is the basic function of sources in the English language and you must be able to do this in order to make a decent analysis of your texts.If you can use the original source of the text to develop an original way of reading it, you will be much better off than trying to create your own original analysis of the text. You want to make sure that you are always going to be reading texts that are similar to the original text. Otherwise, you will always be trying to use a source in an awkward way that will only lead to confusion.

Essay on McNeal Book Review Final - 1977 Words

Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary 4-MAT Book Review: McNeal Practicing Greatness: 7 Disciplines of Extraordinary Spiritual Leaders A Paper Submitted To Dr. Hyun â€Å"David† Chung In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for The Course LEAD 510 Submitted By Terry Michele Noonan Fitzgerald February 19, 2015 Table of Contents Abstract 2 Response 5 Reflection 6 Action 7 Bibliography 9 Abstract This paper will constitute a review of Practicing Greatness: 7 Disciplines of Extraordinary Spiritual Leaders,1 with attention given to the disciplines themselves, as well as the rationale and method that McNeal believes will lead to leadership success. The work begins with a quotation from Elton†¦show more content†¦Questions to be asked in this regard below, will aid the future/current leader in providing answers to questions he/she might have regarding their present ministry or avocation: a. What people or cause do you feel drawn to? b. What do you want to help people do or achieve or experience? c. How do you want to help people? d. What message do you want to deliver? e. How do you intend to serve or have an impact on the world? f. Why did you say yes to God to begin with?9 Mc Neal expounds on leadership and those who will seek to carry it out. the work is not overtly religious, yet it is balanced in the biblical references included. The illustrations of real people in real situations and with real leadership styles are instrumental in bringing clarity and focus to an exhaustive subject. The author has clearly demonstrated his objectives set out in the introduction, and has provided examples for leadership that are able to be implemented in all business applications and not merely the church only. This work is to be commended for anyone interested in not only what makes leaders great; but as well, how they arrived at the summit and are able to remain there. 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Biography of Dr. Erin Watson Essay examples - 943 Words

Sarita Tamang Professor A. P. Hoover English 101, Section 92/ red 14th October 2009. Dr. Erin Watson is a woman who wants to be best in whatever she does. She is a determined person, always working to achieve what she wants. She’s a person who moved to Louisiana from Seattle just for her graduate studies. There is nothing that can stop her. â€Å"I never wanted to be a lab technician in the crime lab, I wanted to be the expert† she says, but has worked with many state and federal agencies like the FBI. She sternly says, â€Å"Forensic science is a science, not the drama on Television. . . many students have the misconception that a forensic scientist does only the things shown on the TV . . .but it is rather different and complex.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Then, as advised by her anthropology advisor, she conducted two quarters of independent research on a new field of science- forensic entomology. After graduation she applied to graduate programs for forensic anthropology and forensic entomology and was accepted to both. However, she selected to go to graduate school at LSU in the Department of Entomology. Dr. Watson has a Ph.D. in entomology and is a graduate faculty member in the Biological Sciences department. She is not limited to teaching. She conducts researches on forensic entomology, does private homicide consulting, and teaches collection methods to law enforcement agencies. Even though she has worked with several agencies, she never liked to be a lab technician. She conducts researches focused on forensic entomology, carrion ecology and the use of insects in determining the post mortem intervals (PMI) of homicides and poached wildlife. She has always enjoyed combining anatomy to study the skeletal remains and the decomposition of insects associated with the decaying remains. â€Å"Nature will not lie . . . people may try to hide the truth, alter a crime scene or corpse condition, but the biology and ecology of insects attracted to carrion will continue to provide evidence†, she say s speaking about her research. She particularly likes the natural aspects of insects to determine postmortem intervals, which may be the only method remaining to estimate the PMI severalShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages(Prentice Hall, 1990) The Truth About Managing People, 2nd ed. (Financial Times/Prentice Hall, 2008) Decide and Conquer: Make Winning Decisions and Take Control of Your Life (Financial Times/Prentice Hall, 2004). Other Interests In his â€Å"other life,† Dr. Robbins actively participates in masters’ track competition. Since turning 50 in 1993, he has won 18 national championships and 12 world titles. He is the current world record holder at 100 meters (12.37 seconds) and 200 meters (25.20 seconds) for

Of discourse Essay Example For Students

Of discourse Essay Some in their discourse, desire rather commendation of wit, in being able to hold all arguments, than of judgment, in discerning what is true; as if it were a praise, to know what might be said, and not, what should be thought. Some have certain common places, and themes, wherein they are good, and want variety; which kind of poverty is for the most part tedious, and when it is once perceived, ridiculous. The honorablest part of talk, is to give the occasion; and again to moderate, and pass to somewhat else; for then a man leads the dance. It is good, in discourse and speech of conversation, to vary and intermingle speech of the present occasion, with arguments, tales with reasons, asking of questions, with telling of opinions, and jest with earnest: for it is a dull thing to tire, and, as we say now, to jade, any thing too far. As for jest, there be certain things, which ought to be privileged from it; namely, religion, matters of state, great persons, any mans present business of importance, and any case that deserveth pity. Yet there be some, that think their wits have been asleep, except they dart out somewhat that is piquant, and to the quick. That is a vein which would be bridled: Parce, puer, stimulis, et fortius utere loris. And generally, men ought to find the difference, between saltness and bitterness. Certainly, he that hath a satirical vein, as he maketh others afraid of his wit, so he had need be afraid of others memory. He that questioneth much, shall learn much, and content much; but especially, if he apply his questions to the skill of the persons whom he asketh; for he shall give them occasion, to please themselves in speaking, and himself shall continually gather knowledge. But let his questions not be troublesome; for that is fit for a poser. And let him be sure to leave other men, their turns to speak. Nay, if there be any, that would reign and take up all the time, let him find means to take them off, and to bring others on; as musicians use to do, with those that dance too long galliards. If you dissemble, sometimes, your knowledge of that you are thought to know, you shall be thought, another time, to know that you know not. Speech of a mans self ought to be seldom, and well chosen. I knew one, was wont to say in scorn, He must needs be a wise man, he speaks so much of himself: and there is but one case, wherein a man may commend himself with good grace; and that is in commending virtue in another; especially if it be such a virtue, whereunto himself pretendeth. Speech of touch towards others, should be sparingly used; for discourse ought to be as a field, without coming home to any man. I knew two noblemen, of the west part of England, whereof the one was given to scoff, but kept ever royal cheer in his house; the other would ask, of those that had been at the others table, Tell truly, was there never a flout or dry blow given? To which the guest would answer, Such and such a thing passed. The lord would say, I thought, he would mar a good dinner. Discretion of speech, is more than eloquence; and to speak agreeably to him, with whom we deal, is more than to speak in good words, or in good order. A good continued speech, without a good speech of interlocution, shows slowness: and a good reply or second speech, without a good settled speech, showeth shallowness and weakness. As we see in beasts, that those that are weakest in the course, are yet nimblest in the turn; as it is betwixt the greyhound and the hare. To use too many circumstances, ere one come to the matter, is wearisome; to use none at all, is blunt. Previous12

Poverty Panama V.S. The United States Essays - Economy, Economics

Poverty: Panama V.S. The United States Recent years have seen a significant reduction of poverty in many countries of the world due to the recovery of economic growth after the ?lost decade? of the 1980s. Yet, poverty keeps on being a social problem that affects thousands of individuals of different countries like Panama and the United States. Everyday, more and more children and women are livng on the streets. In both Panama and the United States, most of the poor are the children under 18 years old, as well as the women, most of whom have children, yet have never been married, or have been through a divorce which has left them without anything, and the elderly. The difference thought is that in the United States are also included both latinos and afro-americans. Both racial groups have had immigrated to the country looking for better opportunities. Years ago, afro-americans constituted a great percentage of poverty in the United States, yet, now a days, Latinos are being more and more exposed to low salaries, poor neigh borhoods, large families and discrimination from some. All these are rapidly contributing to the rise in percentage of poverty among Latinos. Since a huge part of the United States population comes from immigration, the poor in the United States are probably younger than in Panama. This being because most immigrants are young individuals who come looking for opportunities. They usually come alone to find work and end up forming their own families as well. Then, they send for their families. In Panama on the other hand, as well as in most of latin america, immigration is not a very big social problem. Most of the poor people living in Panama are those in the rural parts where jobs are not available, unless you are a farmer, and where living conditions are terrible. There are places in which there is no electricty or telephone and drinking water is not available. This brings diseases yet, there are not hospitals available in those places and if there are, they have not got the equipment to give the proper assistance. This is basically what contributes to the poorness in Panama. Unemployment is also a problem in both Panama and in the United States. In 1998, poverty was reduced to 38% and unemployment to 13.2% from the economically active population in Panama of 1.1 million people. On the other hand, in 1997 the United States reduced its poverty level to 4.7% from which adult women was 4% and men 4.1%. Another problem that increases poverty in both countries is the lack of equity in the distribution of wealth. In Panama more than 25% live with less than a dollar Social Issues

The Internets Involvement In Society Essays - Free Essays

The Internet's Involvement In Society Essays - Free Essays The Internet's Involvement In Society The Internet is a new revolution to all of mankind. People are using computers for tasks unimaginable ten years ago. This paper will share with you ideas on computer use and the Internet in the twenty-first century. The Internet, introduced to consumers in 1996, has grown immensely over the past four years. Other technologies took up to thirty-eight years to reach fifty million people. The Internet only took four years to reach well over fifty million users. The Internet's extreme rate of growth will continue while we have no idea where it will take us. The Internet is becoming the most important tool to humans today. There are many different uses for every kind of person. For instance, online banking saves time and money over traditional banking. Small businesses have been rewriting the rules to commerce with the use of the Internet. Kendra Bonnett states: Just three years ago a study for Internet commerce estimated that thirty-seven million people in North America (age sixteen and older) had access to the Internet. Among this group, twenty-four million reported that they have used the Internet during the last three months, and only seven percent have purchased products or services over the Internet. (An IBM guide to doing e-business, 2000, p. 9) The number of people involved with the Internet is what makes it such a success. The Internet will continue to grow while people find more uses for it every day. It is able to find information on any topic imagined at your greatest convenience. As the Internet keeps growing, problems continue growing as well. With the help of the Internet, people are distributing copyrighted data for a profit. This is data that should be sold in the retail market. Examples would be musical files, games, and applications. Stefan Ventroni (2000), an attorney for Hit Box Music, believes that the rights of creative artists are being trampled on because of the Internet (p.1). Each album on compact disc can costs up to fifteen dollars purchased legally. These albums were downloaded for free more than 1,000 times via the Internet. All laws enforced in the real world still apply to the virtual world. We have to use responsibility when applying this new amazing tool to our lives. This will soon be realized as the two worlds slowly merge into one. In conclusion, the new technologies involving computers are opening doors unexplored and nobody knows where it will take us as a society. Author Nicholas Stein (2000) states, The Internet will effect our society in such dramatic ways that humans can not prepare or predict (p.182). Bibliography International Business Machines Corporation. (1998). An IBM guide for doing e-business. United States: Kendra R. Bonnett. Nicholas Stien, Fortune (2000, February). The Renaissance man of e-commerce. E-company, p. 181-188. Stefan Ventroni. (2000). Technology News. The urges for wider Internet access, 1. Retrieved March 24, 2000 from the World Wide Web: nandotimes.com/tech-nology/story/0,1643,500197426-500270666-501421377-0,00.html

Alien

The airport seemed like a morgue in the Dark Ages through my toddler eyes. Everyone looked ill with excess travel, sick from impatience. Menacing towers, which looked to be in fact, men, glared at me as if I were someone to suspect. As if I didn’t belong. The expansive line of Immigrations painfully edged forward, but my mind scampered away to curiosity. What was India like? Was I going to enjoy it? What was I going to do there? We finally reached the stern officer in sky blue, equipped with a stately handlebar moustache. He and my dad exchanged sympathetic glances and polite greetings, as if they were old friends, seeing each other for the first time in years. He did the same for my mother and sister, but stopped at me. â€Å"Born in the USA? What is this boy doing in an airport in India?† Everyone laughed, but I didn’t. Regardless of what he meant, it hurt my toddler mind deeply. For the first time in my life, I felt different. I felt guilty of my presence, guilty to be who I was. As I walked into the streets of India, the kids stared at me for quite some time, and chattered accusingly amongst themselves. I did not dress like them. I did not act like them. I did not talk like them. I felt like the aliens I had read about so avidly from the comics back home. I tried fervently to make myself the epitome of a native Indian boy, but my relatives constantly hindered my progress. Cricket is like baseball. Flats are apartments. Auto-rickshaws are like taxies. I constantly reminded myself these things, but no matter how hard I tried, these concepts would not stick. Language became a ruthless and unforgiving adversary. My parents had prepped me well prior to the trip, yet still I was hit with unfamiliar phrases. While my accent was consistent, constructing the words proved to be a grueling task. I realized any slight mistake could question the quality of my parents’ teaching, and slowly I stopped talking. I was limited to a stubborn shake of the head for no, and an eager nod for yes. I was always the quiet one, the one who said very little, but they didn’t know why. I wouldn’t let them know, for my alien nature would be exposed. Years come and go with new perspectives. The toddler state of mind was black and white, frank and simplistic. I was so driven by stubborn anger and frustration that I never really tried or wanted to search for the answers I needed. Questions of doubt and difference gradually became answered by my friends, schoolmates, and teachers. We all realized our experiences were not so seclusive, and countless stories met laughs of recognition and understanding. Time allowed for me to accumulate the points that define who I am, whether it is by a distressing day at Immigrations, or the inability to master a language. By birth and by residency, I am an American. But, by the principals I abide to and the traditions I willfully obey, I am an Indian. I don’t feel different anymore. Rather, I feel honored to have the opportunity to share and experience two cultures simultaneously. The polarity of the two nations sometimes proves to be troublesome, but also adds a contrast that intrigues me t o the point of enlightenment. It now seems amusing to imagine a confused little boy, paranoid of his imminent transformation into an unknown being. Paranoid of becoming an unfamiliar creature in unfamiliar territory; not able to identify with his environment. I was once an alien.

Justice System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Justice System - Essay Example In other words treating victims with the dignity they deserve while letting them continue to enjoy their fundamental human rights. The same applies to victims who are very vulnerable to vindication and are constantly in the risk of being treated harshly and with rejection due to the damages their crimes inflict on victims and to the society at large. There is a need for a balance between offenders' rights and victims' rights. The justice system has in some cases been accused of leaning too much on the side of the victims therefore denying the victim the right to be treated as not guilty until proven guilty before a fair and public trial in a court of law. Any justice system must be structured to meet the needs of both offenders and victims (Fowles, T 2006 P. 72). A right is a duty or responsibility entitled to an individual (Roberts, 2006 P. 115). Rights of victims enable them to get necessary support from the justice system. Usually the justice system is comprised of agencies such as the police, courts, probation officers, lawyers, prosecutors, and the government ministry concerned. Rights can be defined as responsibilities or duties of an offender or a victim (Fowles, 2006. P.57). It can be argued that victim's and offender's rights are related but in an inverse manner. According to (Samuel Walker 1980. P. 36,) the following are some of the theories put forward in relation to criminal justice and victim's/offender's rights. Restorative justice theory. Proponents of restorative theory argue that a victim can be restored to his/her former condition. It therefore suggests that the fact that victims have undergone crime experience does not mean that they will forever remain haunted by their experiences. This theory advocates for a justice system whereby victims can undergo restoration and therefore help them cope with the effects of the crime. It advocates for punishment of offenders though it opposes imprisonment. Restitution and community services are the commonest types of penalties advocated for by restorative theorists. It is aimed at re-socialising offenders. In view of striking a balance between offender's rights and victim's rights, restorative justice can be of much help for it seeks to up hold both the victim's and offender's rights while benefiting the society but there are those opposed to it terming it as too lenient. Retributive justice theory. Popularly known as the 'eye for an eye' method, it assumes that a victim has a right to 'hit back'. This justice system calls for punishments such as capital punishment, and in some parts of the world, amputation. In view of human rights advocates, a retributive justice system is considered unfair to the offender in that it does not accord a second chance for reforming. It can also cause emotional trauma to victims or their heirs and family especially in cases where they feel guilty and feel they caused the death of the offender. Transformative justice theory. A justice system founded on this theory will try to discourage animosity between the victim or the heirs and the

Analyse the concepts of 'culture shock' and 'cultural adjustment' and Essay

Analyse the concepts of 'culture shock' and 'cultural adjustment' and critically assess some possible consequences of th - Essay Example It involves the difficulties in trying to assimilate into the new culture or the new environment which leads to difficulty in understanding what is proper and what is considered as not being correct. Mostly it is combined with a lot of disgust about some aspects of the different or new culture. In most cases, culture shock may not occur suddenly. It may take some time to begin affecting the moods of the person involved. The duration of time an individual may experience culture shock is based on the period they have to stay in that environment, their self awareness level and the period they take to adjust and blend into the new surrounding. If the person is able to adjust at a faster rate, the better for him or her since the shock may not be as severe as when they did not know anything about the new culture or environment. One may note that he or she is experiencing culture shock when they experience some symptoms such as self doubts and being hostile more than usual (Taylor, 1990). A n example of culture shock is in the case of a university student from a different culture attending school in a totally different environment, for example, an African student attending university in the United States. Such a student will meet a totally different type of culture from the one he or she is used to. He may get hard timed trying to adjust and blend in. These hardships are part of culture shock. Culture adjustment is trying to change according to the shock associated with the change of environment. Living in a different culture that is dissimilar from the one someone is used to may be an adventure that is exiting as well as a challenging one. No matter what country one comes from, once they move from their country to another, they will have to go through cultural adjustment due to the difference in cultures (Vivian, 1999). Understanding the process of adjustment may involve getting some support from other people who are familiar with the culture and may be an exiting exp erience, both professionally and personally. Culture may be defined in a number of ways that may bring out different meanings. In some cases, it may be used to refer to the act of appreciating good literature, food, art and music. For biologists, it may be used to refer to a colony of different types of bacteria or some other organisms. However, for the behavioral science, it is a range of patterns of human behavior. It may be otherwise defined as a complex whole that includes belief, knowledge, art, customs, law and any habits and capabilities that is acquired by people as a part of a given society. Culture is a very powerful tool for the survival of human, but it is also a fragile phenomenon. Culture is consistently changing and may be lost easily since it usually exists in the human mind (Rogers, 1996). Culture is comprised of different layers. The national level deals with the awareness of the dynamics of culture and their patterns by nationality. The national level is relevant for certain areas such as getting into new markets, cross border division and relationships based on international outsourcing. Another level is the organizational level which focuses on culture dynamics experiences in different organizations (Rogers, 1996). The other levels include the regional or ethnic level that involves the difference in culture between different ethnical groups, generation level that is

Ethics on the Internet Essay examples -- Ethics Internet Computers Ess

Ethics on the Internet In today's society, there are many ethical issues on the Internet. Some of the biggest issues and concerns seem to be hacking and viruses, copyright infringements, spam, privacy, and cyberporn. Internet ethical issues affect a wide variety of individuals and almost all people today are affected in some kind of a way. Until recently, most computer users had not been very concerned with questions of ethics and may not have been aware of something being seen as an ethical issue, but this depends on every individual's position. However, today there are many concerns about these issues and some organizations are trying to get laws approved protecting individuals in today's society. Copyright infringements now are an extremely large issue. Illegal distribution of software over the Internet damages the software market, causes prices to go up, slows new software development, and hurts job creation in software development. It is currently reported that 40% of the world's software is pirated. Computer software is one of the most valuable technologies in our society. Since software is so valuable and because computers make it easy to create an exact copy of a program in seconds, software piracy is widespread. From individual computer users to professionals who deal wholesale in stolen software, piracy exists in homes, schools and businesses. Software pirates not only steal from the companies that make the software, but it causes the company to have less money towards their research and development of new software and it ends up hurting all users. The software piracy industry is growing due to the number of PCs and Internet users growing. The Business Software Alliance believes that new techn... ...ography Ethics and Electronic Information in the Twenty-First Century, by Lester J. Pourciau (Editor), G. T. Mendina Business Software Alliance, http://www.bsa.org/usa/">http://www.bsa.org/usa/ Internet Ethics by Duncan Langford, catalogue/catalogue.asp?Title_Id=0333776267 Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 16, No. 6, 1999, pages 590-602, Targeting Children Online: Internet advertising ethics issues AMA American Management Association, http://www.amanet.org/index.htm">http://www.amanet.org/index.htm Web101, Making the Net Work for You, Second Edition, by Wendy G. Lehnert, Copyright 2003 Ethics and the Conduct of Business, Fourth Edition, by John R. Boatright, Copyright 2003 Ethics on the Internet by Michael A. Covington, Copyright 1997, Gernsback Publications, http://www.ai.uga.edu</em>~mc/ethics.html">http://www.ai.uga.edu/~mc/ethics.html </ol>

Defining the Humanities Essay

After reading this week’s lecture and my understanding of what humanities are is the study of what people have experienced and how they express this experience. Humanities are how people have interacted throughout their existence and how people interact today. Humanities are the study of the philosophical beliefs of a culture. The philosophical approach to understanding a culture is what separates humanities from science and history. Science and history are exact and rarely are open for debate once it is proven to be fact. Science will set out  to prove its point, whatever it may be, through precise calculations. Science also studies theory and probability. Science lacks imagination in their calculations whereas humanities use imagination to understand past culture. Science wants to prove how people came to exist whereas humanities seek to understand why people exist. History is different from humanities because history studies documentation as facts and undisputable regarding what happened. Humanities seek to answer why it happened and to understand it. History was recorded in books in  libraries, Humanities are written on walls in caves or in the design contained in buildings. Today cultures express their interests, their experiences, and their values through many forms such as art, music, and movies. Sharing experiences is perhaps the most basic form of explaining who people are. By sharing these experiences in the forms of art, music, and movies, it allows us to share information about us through our creativity. In today’s culture these three forms of expression allow people to show their individuality and to connect with many on different levels. Art takes many forms and is interpreted by an individual differently. Colors and design reflect our feelings. Black and white expresses loneliness and pain whereas bright colors express happiness. A painting for example, allows an artist to express themselves in a way he or she feels. It is their visualization of their thoughts (Kitchin, 2004). Society looks at the painting and is free to interpret it their way. One person may see happiness whereas another sees sadness. A picture of time square could mean chaos and seem overwhelming to one from a rural area where someone from a city sees everything he or she needs. People continue to express themselves with music. The meanings behind the words of the songs often come from the feelings and the experiences of the author. It is the responsibility of the musician to express those feelings and experiences through sound. Music with soul (Hakes, 2011). Music has been very important to our culture. Think of how important the Beatles were to world or even the Grateful Dead. My personal favorite band is Linkin Park. They are my favorite because I can relate my life to the words of their song. Their music attracts those DEFINING THE HUMANITITES 3 who appear to be weak or who do not appear to be societies strongest. Their song â€Å"The Little Things Give You Away† was written about Hurricane Katrina. The devastation from Hurricane Katrina was widespread devastation. Their song attempts to reflect through music the pain and suffering affected by it. Movies are much like music however instead of only simply able to hear words and visualize it; the movies create the visualization for the person. Movies use categorization such as romance, action, and drama. Movies based on real life events attempt to capture those events and explain them. Movies can show the romance side of a situation or even the heroics. The recent movie Argo is about the falling of the United States Embassy in Iran, which was overrun. This movie reflects the horror that six members went through while showing the heroics of a CIA member to return the members of the Embassy to the United States. These three forms of expression will continue to exist as time continues. They are acceptable means of  expressions and are a very important part of today’s society. All three bring joy to people and if capable a person can express him or herself like none before. DEFINING THE HUMANITITES 4 References Kitchin, M. (2004). Art and expression. Retrieved from http://www. students. sbc. edu/kitchin04/artandexpression/artandexpression. html Hakes, T. (2011, March 11). Music as expression vs. music as entertainment. Retrieved from http://abovegroundmagazine. com/blogs/letter-from-the-editor/03/15/music-as-expression-vs- music-as-entertainment/

Social Studies Sba - 2135 Words

CARIBBEAN EXAMINATION COUNCIL SCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT SOCIAL STUDIES Candidate’s Name: Brandon Pindling Candidate #: Territory: Jamaica Centre #: School: Excelsior Community College Teacher: Mrs. C. Morrissey Year: 2012/2013 Topic: JUVENILE DELINQUENCY Table of Contents Page # Table of Contents 1 Acknowledgements 2 Statement of the problem 3 Method of investigation 4 Instrument used to collect data 5-8 Procedure used to collect data 9 Presentation and explanation of data (figure 1) 10 Figure 2 11 Figure 3 12 Figure 4 13 Figure 5 14 Figure 6 15 Interpretation of data 16-17 Findings 18 Recommendations 19 Reference 20 Acknowledgements I would like t thank my Social Studies teacher for giving me this†¦show more content†¦They ignore it and allow it to continue D. They establish gangs 18. At what time of the day do Juvenile Delinquents tend to wreak havoc and cause problems within the community? A. Usually in daylight B. Mostly at nights C. It is continuous, day to night D. Lunchtime only 19. What do you suggest that should be done to Juvenile Delinquents after they have been caught? They should: A. be warned and let go B. given 6 months community service C. be put on trial D. be put into a rehabilitation centre 20. What can the churches in the community do to prevent juvenile delinquency? A. Pray B. Set up youth clubs to keep the juveniles out of mischief C. Get the youth more involved in church programmes such as the youth choir D. Establish after school homework centers to help the juveniles keep up with school work PROCEDURE USED TO COLLECT DATA Different numbers of houses were located on each street. 20 house numbers from one side of the road was selected and each was supplied with one copy of the questionnaire. For precautionary measures, the researcher left questionnaires in the mailboxes of members that were not at home and also left a note kindly asking the respondents to return the questionnaire completed to the researcher’s mailbox. When all 20 questionnaires were returned the researcher analyzed the data for this project. . PRESENTATION AND EXPLANATION OF DATA Figure 1: How long have you lived in thisShow MoreRelatedSocial Studies Sba1180 Words   |  5 PagesSCHOOL BASED ASSESSMENT Candidate’s name: Tazmine Reid-Jones Subject: Social Studies School: The E-Learning Centre Candidate #: Centre #: Territory: Teacher: Miss Brown Year: 2013 Title: Homophobia in the Montego Bay Community AN EXAMINATION ANALYZING THE CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF HOMOPHOBIA IN THE MONTEGO BAY COMMUNITY. TABLE OF CONTENTS †¢ Acknowledgements Read MoreSocial Studies Sba1591 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Studies School Based Assessment Name: Giselle Campbell Grade:11-7 Teacher: Ms. Wray Topic: School Rules Table of Content Title Page Acknowledgement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Statement of the problem†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Rationale †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.6 Method ofRead MoreSocial Studies Sba2032 Words   |  9 PagesSOCIAL STUDIES SCHOOL BASED ASSESMENT (S.B.A) YEAR (2013) NAME OF CANDIDATE: ORAL GAYLE SCHOOL: KINGSTON COLLEGE CENTRE#:__________________ CANDIDATE#:_________________ TEACHER: MRS. SANDERS TITLE: An investigation on the impact of natural disasters on the residents of the Manley Meadows community. Table of contents Title page Acknowledgements 1 Rationale Read MoreSocial Studies Sba1524 Words   |  7 PagesSocial Studies S.B.A on Sexual activities amongst Jamaican Teenagers | Why so many Jamaican teenagers are having sex? | | Why are so many Jamaican teenagers sexually active? Acknowledgement I wish to thank my Social Studies teacher Mr. Reid for giving me the go ahead on this S.B.A. I also wish to thank my parents for providing me with the needed supplies to ensure that this Social Studies S.B.A would be completed. Special thanks go to Samaya Johnson, Tajey Johnson and Javone Rowe, forRead MoreSocial Studies Sba1439 Words   |  6 Pagesinterest in religion in Hertford District Dear , This is a research being carried out in Hertford District to find the number of teenagers who goes to church and their interest in religion. 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Name: Johann Weatherly Candidate No: School: Munro College School Code: Territory: Jamaica Year: 2014 Contents Topic Page Acknowledgement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.3 Statement of problem†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 Reason for selecting area of research†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 Method of investigation†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreSocial Studies Sba Sample1651 Words   |  7 PagesCXC SOCIAL STUDIES PROJECT SCHOOL BASED ASSESMENT (S.B.A) (YEAR 2011) NAME OF CANDIDATE: SCHOOL: CENTRE #: CANDIDATE #: TITLE: The Level of Alcohol Use among Students of My School. TERITORY: Acknowledgement The successful completion of this study would not have been possible without the assistance and cooperation of a number of people. Consequently, I would like to thank GOD for giving me the strength to completeRead MoreCxc Social Studies Sba1828 Words   |  8 Pagestime for the respondents to study the questions. * Distribution and collection of the questionnaire is not time consuming. Instrument Used To Collect Data QUESTIONNAIRE ON THE LEVEL OF AWARENESS AS IT RELATES TO ‘SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES’ IN THE BRIDGEPORT COMMUNITY. Dear Teenagers, This questionnaire is being carried out in the Bridgeport Community on the causes and effects of the awareness on the topic ‘Sexually Transmitted Diseases’ among teenagers. This study is being conducted as a School

The Great and Well-known Philosophers, Plato and Buddha

The great and well known philosopher Plato, is the man who was in love. He wasn’t in love with one particular materialistic item or person, but rather the idea of love itself. Then there is Buddha, a man who fears love. Buddha understands that life always ends and in death comes pain. The idea of love to him, only ends in pain and suffering. As expressed in The Gospel of Buddha, Buddha’s eyes were opened to world and when they were opened â€Å"he saw the pains of pleasure and inevitable certainty of death that hovers over every being.† He isn’t like Plato, who believes to life, is to live with happiness and to have a happy after life, requires love in the human life or physical world. He also believed that love could carry a man threw tremendous conquest. In Plato’s Plato-Symposium, he expressed that if government consisted of lovers, even in unfavorable odds â€Å"they would overcome the world.† These two lifestyles however, aren’t s o different. They both revolve around the same concept and that is, life is filled with pain and suffering. The ways they avoid or overcome it, is the only difference. Plato is like the man at the funeral who says, â€Å"we had a good life together and I’m glad we got to be together.† Then there is Buddha and he would be the man saying, â€Å"her life was too short.† When analyzing these two lifestyles to my own personal life, I find myself at an equilibrium. Divided equally by the beliefs they both portray. On one hand, I look towards the future and search forShow MoreRelatedHappiness : The Goal Of Life1624 Words   |  7 Pagesbe happy. Buddhism is one religion with many gods and the sacred teacher of this religion was Buddha. Siddhartha Gautama, who became known as Buddha, taught people how to reach enlightenment like he did using meditation and his doctrine on Buddhism. â€Å"For Buddha, the path to happiness starts from an understanding of the root causes of suffering† (Smith, H). Taoism teaches the belief in many gods as well and that the beliefs their followers believe in can lead them to happiness. Taoism has differentRead MoreReligion And Its Role Within Societies 600 B.c11006 Words   |  45 Pagescreation of a monotheistic religion and writing it down. The Jews wrote their experiences in the Torah and the Leningrad Codex and in a lot of different Hebrew scriptures, and that’s in part what helped to keep the religion alive and the theology of it known to the people. One of the most famous writings done about this God was the 10 Commandments, a document that greatly affected the morality and the ethical basis of Christianity and Judaism. 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These menRead MoreLee’s Function in East of Eden: a Spokesman of Steinbeck’s Thought and the Oriental Philosophy2968 Words   |  12 Pagesforward by the ancient Chinese philosopher named Lao Tzu, share a great deal of similarity, in that both of them view human beings from a detached and holistic standpoint. It is not clearly known how Steinbeck, who is certainly a product of his time and his American milieu, came to be acquainted with and interested in Lao Tzus philosophy, but in Journal of A Novel, he appreciates Lao Tzu so highly that he places Lao Tzu beside Plato, Buddha, Christ, Paul , and the Great Hebrew prophets. It might safelyRead MoreEarly Civilizations and the Dawn of the Medieval Age Essay3703 Words   |  15 Pagesduring the last five thousand years. Though man has been on this planet for about 500,000 years, history only covers a part of this period. 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It is perhaps the largest and most comprehensive of the grimoires, or handbooks of magic. The attribution to the Andalusian mathematician al-Majriti (or al-Madjriti) (d. ca. 1004-7) is considered pseudo-epigraphic

Aristotle s Views On Happiness - 1394 Words

Happiness Happiness. It is not measurable, profitable, nor tradable. Yet, above all else in the world, it is what people seek. There are many claims that happiness can be achieved through money, yet many challenge that theory. The modern definition of happiness claimed by the dictionary is â€Å"feelings of joy and pleasure mingled together†. In other words, it is claimed to be a state of mind. However, Aristotle proposed that, rather than being a state of emotion throughout life, happiness is the final destination. Even after 2,300 years, Aristotle’s philosophy is still respected. But, despite what others may claim or object this philosophy, this is the actual meaning of happiness. One may say that money can buy happiness through great inventions and endless greeds. Dropping a ton of cash on something extravagant doesn’t give it the special feeling after a while due to the fact that they’re so used to having it around and that it becomes just another object. A be tter use of money that generally creates more happiness is â€Å"spending their money on experiences [rather] than on stuff† (Gillespie). Spending it on a new phone or TV leads to activities that are done more lonesome such as watching videos or playing solitary games. Buying moments or â€Å"experiences that make you happier before they even happen† are more valuable than mere possessions (Gillespie). In fact, the day before the event of going out or for a vacation is the happiest for many rather than the actual event itself.Show MoreRelatedAristotle s Views On Happiness2248 Words   |  9 Pages Happiness is the fundamental objective of life. This bold statement is unanimously agreed upon among generations of people on every corner of our planet. However, the real question that has been contested for centuries is the true meaning of happiness? The true meaning of happiness is one of the most highly debated philosophy topics in history. Most famous are the writings of Aristotle and John Stuart Mill who both paint very opposing pictures of happiness. Mill believes happiness is obtained throughRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness999 Words   |  4 PagesAristotle, Epicurus, Epictetus, Boethius, Augustine, and Aquinas connected on writing about the phenomenon of human happiness. Through these philosophers, various ideologies on happiness gets to be distinctly conceivable for one to distinguish and recognize the difference between what people think or feel happiness is and what the true state of happiness is. In the Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle said happiness is the value and reason for every good thing, so happiness is deserving of respect. ForRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness1505 Words   |  7 PagesAristotle argues that the most important thing in peoples lives is the virtue of happiness. He writes that one attains happiness by living a life of virtue - our definition is in harmony with those who say that happiness is virtue, or a particular virtue; because an activity in accordance with virtue implies virtue. Indeed, we may go further and assert that anyone who does not delight in fine actions is not even a good man.(Aristotle) A life of virtue implies a life of reasoning for the end goalRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness1509 Words   |  7 PagesThis paper will focus on Aristotle’s claim that happiness is an activity and not just a momentary pleasure. Skeptics claim happiness is a state of mind and Aristotle is wrong to claim that happiness is an ongoing pursui t a person must actively strive for during one’s life. This paper argues that Aristotle is correct when he states that happiness is an activity, the central purpose of human life and a goal in itself that individuals strive for throughout the entirety of their lifetime and ultimatelyRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness1582 Words   |  7 Pagesothers. For example, there is almost nothing from Aristotle that I agree with, but I agree with almost everything Berry says. In this essay, I will walk through Aristotle, Berry, and Day, and decide whether I agree or disagree. Then, I will give my own personal view on happiness. ARISTOTLE: Aristotle was an Ancient Greek philosopher who was taught by Plato, and taught Alexander the Great. In his writings, Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle states that happiness is a way of walking through life, and is a completeRead MoreAristotle s View Of Happiness1810 Words   |  8 PagesAccording to Aristotle, happiness is the highest goal of a human being, because it is the only goal that is an end in itself, and is not pursued for the sake of something else. He defines happiness as: â€Å"activity of the soul in accordance with complete virtue in a complete life.† He then goes on, in Book X, to argue that the complete happiness for human beings lies in the life of study. Plato, on the other hand, does agree that all humans aim to achieve the highest goal or end (telos), but does notRead MoreAristotle s Views On Happiness And Moral Virtue Essay1593 Words   |  7 PagesTiverio Madrigal Landa Philosophy 002 October 13, 2016 Happiness and Moral Virtue Every few decades, an individual revolutionizes the way that we think and perceive the world. During the year 300 B.C., the foundation of philosophy was started by Aristotle and his learning from Plato and Socrates. A few centuries later, Thomas Hobbes beliefs challenged Aristotle s views. At the time, it was not known that their ideas would revolutionize the way we see the world around us today. Even though theyRead MoreAristotle s Views On Human Happiness1022 Words   |  5 Pages2 -PURPOSE OF HAPPINESS For Aristotle, happiness was related to a natural function. He argued that if we as human fulfilled our natural function/purpose then we will be able to be happy and â€Å"want for nothing at all† (page 91). Aristotle believed that human happiness refers to the function most proper to the human should and essentially the function must be exclusive to human. He argues that this supposed function is a practical aspect of life that comes from the rational part within humans. The useRead MoreAristotle s Views On Morality And Happiness1948 Words   |  8 PagesJared Sanders 5/4/16 PHI 372: Ethical Inquiry Term Paper What, if anything, does happiness have to do with morality. According to Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, there is a direct connection between morality and happiness. Aristotle states that happiness is the main goal of human existence. He follows this idea by saying the only way to achieve happiness is through his account of morality. Aristotle’s â€Å"happiness† is a translation of the Greek word Eudaimonia. A definition of Eudaimonia could be â€Å"theRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Aristotle s Views On Happiness And Human Flourishing With His Philosophy991 Words   |  4 Pagesback. For example, I put into my life my thoughts, my beliefs and my behaviors. What I get back from this is my reality that my thoughts, beliefs and behaviors have created. In my philosophy like Aristotle, I believe in Aristotle’s views on happiness and human flourishing with his philosophy. (Aristotle 4) I also believe in some of Kant’s philosophy through his concept of its our duty to live up to our highest moral capacity. (Kant 3) I believe it will make the world a better place in the sense that

Language Loss Free Essays

string(73) " a verb that must be put to work in order to define it \(Blomley: 566\)\." As we increasingly realize that our own self-destruction is inevitable in the destruction of the planet, the insular notion of Western modernity as the height of human progress is finally being questioned. However, the resultant paradox is that although we realize the resultant flaws of depending on one form of progress, the only alternatives that we could turn to are dying off of the face of the earth. Thus the global trend of language loss is an issue incredibly worthy of long overdue attention; it may in fact be our last meaningful alternative to rescue the plight of humanity’s survival. We will write a custom essay sample on Language Loss or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a repository of knowledge, an expression of culture, and a symbolic embodiment of a way of life, the loss of a language speaks for itself. Although some Aboriginal languages are on the brink of extinction in Canada, regrettably, not many people are listening to the last cries of the voices that are quickly vanishing. I will explore the reasons why this is the case. Firstly I will delve into the roots of language, as a vehicle by which the essence of each particular culture comes into coherence in the material world and how its culture’s level of conceit that sustains its insularity. The history of Western culture, as a product of European colonialism and industrial capitalism, clearly exemplifies that its essence and more importantly its arrogance, is fundamentally at odds with a harmonious relationship with the natural world, currently leading to its own detriment. With this colonial mentality in mind, a second aspect I will explore is the stark alternative to this one way of thinking that is exemplified the in the culture of the Squamish people of Vancouver. Thus thirdly, the settlement, industrialization, and current urbanization transforming Vancouver, is arguably augmenting the divide between both ways of being, perpetuating the self-destruction of all people who are at the mercy of the dominant culture’s conceit. Thus I will argue that in contrast to Vancouver’s Aboriginal people’s way of life, the current level of arrogance sustaining the dependence on Western modernity will ultimately, inevitably be the demise of humanity. It is undeniable that language, like all things that humanity has created, is ultimately an invention of natural world. As a watershed of imagination, language tries to make sense of the world and may be understood as the symbolization of the human thought in trying to grapple with the nature of existence. Although these symbols were created in order to mediate and make sense of humanity’s place in the universe, since their creation they have transformed and pervaded human cognition to such an extreme extent as to actually replace inexplicable nature of existence with a false sense of ‘rational’ reality. Symbols, now meaning speech, are a cultural phenomenon fundamental to encompassing what define civilization (Zerzan Language: 237). As much as symbols in any culture try to grapple with their reality in a complex scientific, or rational sense, due to their inherent detachment from the natural world and intrinsic reductionist nature, all attempts to find the answers of the universe, to fit harmoniously with mother earth will ultimately be at odds with what is in fact, incomprehensible. The seemingly rational is ultimately irrational. The layers of complexity now sustaining the process of symbolization account for an ongoing need to label and thus control what ultimately could never be comprehensively defined. SOURCE). An important element in this process of symbolization is the man-made conception of time. Time is one the earliest layers of symbolization’s complexity that enhanced a constructed nature of reality. John Zerzan notes that time’s fruition accounts for the need to define a sense of ‘progress’ that would dominate man’s sense of history, further alienating him away from the natural world. In a cycle of their own creation and perpetuation, the purpose of civilization has therefore, only been to reinforce itself. The perpetual construction of this notion of progress has ultimately led to the self-induced domestication of the mind, enhancing man’s estrangement from the natural (Zerzan Book: 25). Instead of surrendering to man’s harmonious connection to the inexplicable cosmos and thus accepting his own visceral nature, this false notion of progress has been perceived as an inevitable part of human development. Progress is now out of human control and thus alternative ways of existence are seen as backwards and illogical. Future Primitive: PAGE). The zenith of this sense of progress, is encompassed in the current notion of modernity as it is both the height of this civilization and yet the worst reality that the natural world has yet to endure. The sense of progress has always been subjected to the dictatorial role of arrogance and economics, what Williams calls the â€Å"inherent dominative mode of thinking†(SOURCE). Economics narrates man’s conception of property i n an alchemical mix of human labor on the earth’s soil in the pursuit of material wealth. Excessive material wealth superficially bolsters the sense of privildege, evolving to be better understood as their hubris. The Western cultural lineage that has pushed humanity ‘forward’ depends strict on this mentality, and now there exists a common belief that as Westerners works diligently towards the height of modernity, somehow other cultures in the world have become intellectually idle (Davis 2009: 166). Progress is largely perceived as a rushing current of vim and vigor, with an unstoppable momentum carrying all of us in its wake. Upon arrival in North America, with superiority imbued in their mentality, European colonialists brought a sense of progress to the New World. As both a by-product of their amalgamated colonial imagination and their equally delusional scientific minds, Canada became a laboratory to be poked, measured, defined and prepared for extraction back to continue the fervent industrialization of Europe (Rigney 1999: 109). The colonial mentality is highlighted in their sense of property. Colonialists believed that property had to be enacted; it is as much a physical reality as it is constant aspiration to control. In their minds, property is a verb that must be put to work in order to define it (Blomley: 566). You read "Language Loss" in category "Essay examples" This is in accordance of the influential perspective of John Locke, who helped to ingrain the belief that if the land was not being used, it is being wasted. Thus the divine commons was rendered private property, â€Å"Eden sank to grief† and our natural world was at the mercy of man’s endless attempt to control and accrue all that they could from their surroundings (Blomey: 561). Just as Language is a creation of the natural world, it is the architect of sustaining meaning for a culture. Therefore in its use, language is also a system of power that allows the meanings imparted by cultural hegemony to endure and endure themselves (Focault: 22). Although this cultural lineage now dominates the world’s sense of progress, not all people believe in this once sense of reality. On the margins of modernity, some people’s resilient existence stands as testimony that this one insular mode of thinking is not be the only way of being, nor is it the best way for humanity to survive (Davis: PAGE). Such people do not feel the need to subjugate and try to feebly control the wonders of the natural world, but rather their existence is at the will of what they realize they cannot control. Instead of feebly trying to control the world around them, they would rather be spiritually submerged in nature’s all-encompassing, inexplicable power (Davis: Page). The Coast Salish indigenous people that have historically dwelled in what is now defined as the city-limits of Vancouver are just one example of such a people who’s underlying purpose in life is arguably not at odds with the natural order of the universe. Coast Salish is there common name, however within this label are a number of different cultural heritages that are uniquely defined by both their geographic location and correspondingly, their language. In Vancouver’s major reservations today, such identities as the Musqueam, Squamish and the Tsleil-Waututh peoples still dwell in a miniscule enclosure of their ancient homelands. Although their lands are being encroached on from all sides, they try to uphold the ways of their ancestors as a more visceral reality, that was once so harmoniously in balance with British Columbia’s ecosystem (Baloy: 520). Because of their ancient history of being so intimately tied with their surrounding terrain, these peoples distinct cultures, embodied in their in their oral traditions and expressions of art, encapsulate their belief in humanity’s divine connection with the land. Living adjacent to the Pacific, what is mentioned in more than one of these peoples’ creation stories is the belief that the land around them sprung from the rich expanse of water on which they heavily rely (Blomey:). In stark contrast to the European’s colonial conception of the property as Terra Nullius, or that it was there for the taking. The resultant boundaries that European’s created in this region are deeply embedded cultural experiences that had specific meanings for colonist. The concept to divide territories on the ground set limits marking distinct social groups and provide a mental template for categories of control (180). In contrast, Coast Salish peoples believe that the land that they gratefully depend upon came into being for a higher purpose. It was not inanimately waiting for humans to define it or bring it to life, but rather its very existence would be what defined them. Following the creation of land from the ‘mud of the ocean,’ the Squamish Coast Salish speak of an extended period of silence that enveloped the earth, in which humans, if they existed at all, only touched lightly on the land (Hill-Tout 1978: 20). The world in their sense was pure and if humans were there, they did not leave any traces of their settlement along the coast nor did they turn on their environment to accrue a sense of history via material wealth. Their ancestors quietly followed the nomadic paths of existence, dictated by the rhythms of life (566). Territorial connections are underwritten by heir relational epistemology- a way of knowing the world through relations. Their knowledge, use, control and even ownership of the land is based on complex relationship with ancestors and spirits which go to the heart of indigenous experiences of dwelling in that place (Thom 2000: 179). Today anthropologist remark on the sophistication of the Coast Salish economy, politic al structure and way of life. Virgina Crawford attributed their civil aptitude to the security of their marine substance, as it allowed them to develop a complicated social system based on inherited or acquired clan rank (299). Although Crawford’s perspective gives credit to the Coast Salish people’s intelligence, it is expressed as both a novelty for Indigenous peoples and is tinged with Western lens of progress as if Coast Salish resource extraction was evidence to their efforts to civilize their society. Ultimately this perspective actually reduces the true intelligence of these peoples, which is beyond what Western science can coherently understand. Due to the fact that their existence is imbued with a spiritual understanding of the cosmos, every aspect of their daily lives revolves around ritual (Crawford: 299). Their devout survival is perhaps best captured in their most visible expression of culture, their art. In correlation to the Coast Salish creation story, their rich motifs are an attempt to imbue the awesome aura of the natural world into an implicit design. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. The main thrust behind the degradation of human diversity is the crude face of privilege. The sense of superiority that some cultures have over others because they see world through a monochromatic lens, and persist in interpreting what their perception through a single cultural paradigm, their own (WF-Davis: 6). Vancouver’s Indigenous Community: Squamish: History, Creation, Art, Knowledge, Colonial Encounter Colonial Encounter: Mentality, Property, Language, ProgressSignificance of Urban environment Each word of even the most remote language is the a resounding testimony of cultural identity, and serves to act as a link connecting people with their past, their social, emotion and spiritual vitality (Norris: 12). (Norris 1998: 8) means of communication, but a link which connects people with their past and grounds their social, emotional and spiritual vitality. Norris 1998: 8) Although loss of language doesn’t necessarily lead to the death of a culture, it can severely handicap transmission of that culture. Modernization vs. Language vitality Without doubt, the forces of dominant languages and modernization exert a strong influence on any minority language. In the case of Aboriginal languages, historical events such as the prohibition of indigenous language use in residential sch ools have also contributed to this process. In addition, the fact that most Aboriginal languages were predominantly oral may also have diminished, in an already difficult environment, their chances of survival. Norris 1998: 8) Facts as of 1996- The current 50 languages of Canada’s indigenous peoples belong to 11 major language families- 10 first Nation and Inuktitut. Several major dialects within them. (Norris 1998: 9) Largest Language in Canada is Algonquin- 147,000 people Geography contributes to size, distribution of Aboriginal Languages Research: M. Dale Kinkade 1991 â€Å"The Decline of Native Languages in Canada† Root of Language- Geography of Canada- Plains accommodate a large group of people. Soaring mountains and deep gorges tend to restrict settlement to small pockets of isolated groups in B. C- small languages. Salish, Tsimshian, Wakashan, Haida, Tlingit, Kutenai- could not develop as large a population as dispersed Algonquin. (Norris 1998: 9)- Isolation can also play a part (Indigenous Issue) Mother tongue population: those people who first language learned at home, and still understood is an Aboriginal Language. (Norris 1998: 10) Index of ability (Kn/MT)1: compares the number of people who report being able to speak the language as a mother tongue. If for every 100 people with a specific Aboriginal mother tongue , more than 100 person in the overall population are able to speak that language, some clearly learned it as a second language either in school or later in life. This may indicate language revival. (Norris 1998: 10) (Stat) Because unlike other minority groups, Aboriginals cannot rely on new immigrant to maintain or increase their population of speakers, passing on the language from parent to children is critical for all indigenous languages’ survival (Norris 1998: 11) (Indigenous issue) Canada’s Aboriginal languages are amongst the most endangered in the world- significant numbers of languages have either already disappeared or are close to extinction (Norris 1998: 15). Among the languages spoken today 2 out of 50 are viable with a large population base- Large or small viable languages (Norris 1998: 15) (Stat) Research: How the English Language Became the World’s Language- Robert Crum Globish. Revival- Sacred Ways of Life: Knowledge. Chelsea Crowshoe- crowshoe consulting Inc. Everyone is a community or culture, hold traditional knowledge because it is collective- WHO: defines traditional medicine- the sum total of knowledge, skills and practices based on theories, beliefs, and experiences indigenous to different cultures, whether explicable or not, used in the maintenance of health as well as the prevention diagnosis, improvement of treatment of physical and mental illness Traditional knowledge is shared through ways of exchanging cultural and traditional information such as storytelling- (Crowshoe: 2) Language and culture are the foundation of nationhood of First Nation, Inuit, and Metis people. Canada’s cultural wealth is not merely its official bilingualism- or its multicultural tapestry- Aboriginal languages re part of the our mosaic- A number o Aboriginal languages have died (WHICH ONES? ) and more are at risk- 29% of First Nations people can converse in their language- only a few are flourishing: Cree, 85,000 speakers, Ojibway, 30,000 speakers, Anishiimowin 12,5000- Montagais0Naskapi 11,000. Most Inuit can speak one of the dialects of Inuktitut but statistic Canada report a decreasing number using it as the main language at home- Michif- traditional language of the Metis These values are associated, amongst other things, with economic reductionism, mechanistic modes of thinking, aggressive individualism and the destruction of community. (Bennett 2010: 9) The residential school system, mobility and more recently, television, internet are responsible for the loss of language. Canada does well on Global Standards- All of Caribbean languages are extinct- half of the indigenous Central and South American languages- Last ten speakers of Nitinat (Ditidaht) or Comox spearks of Vancouver Island 100 Seneca Cayuga or Onodaga speakers of the nearly 4,000 in south Western Ontario Baloy, Natalie J. K. We Can’t Feel our Language: Making Places in the City for Aboriginal Language Revitalization Language Revitalization efforts are overwhelmingly located in rural environment despite the fact that aboriginal people are increasingly choosing to live and rasie their families in urban settings. Youth are anxious to learn language (Baloy 2011: 515) Emerging language ideologies of urban aboriginal people Strong Aboriginal identity and urban lifestyle are mutually exclusive Land, language and identity- how can this be fostered and nutured in urban spaces (Bayol: 516) The sduy of language ideology-has emerged as a mediating link between social structures and forms of talk. Language ideology refers to the social connection people make with the own or other’s languages, dialects of language variations. The fate of many minority language is likely determined to a large extent by ideology (Baloy 2011: 517) Language ideology- rich possibilities for understanding how people think about and value language. Identifying how language ideologies are constructed, maintained and contested can meaningfully inform strategies for language documentation, planning education and revitalization in contexts of language loss. Ideological clarification (Baloy 2011: 517) Contemporary language ideologies evolve out of historical experiences and are shaped by mainstream attitudes towards language, government policies and demographic changes (Baloy 2011: 517) Government policies perpetuated mainstream ideologies that position English as a powerful international lingua franca and aboriginal languages as outmoded. Aboriginal languages are often unrecognized, unknown, unappreciated by non-aboriginal society. Sensitive to multingualism- most highly educated and politically influential, largely ignorant of the sheer diversity and complexity, the cognitive and cultural richness of the native languages of the First Nations peoples (Baloy 2011: 517) Historical policies and processes have contributed to the devaluation of aboriginal languages in Canada- continue to resonate today. Residential schools, the Sixties Scoop, galvanizce gnificanation of aboriginal- (Baloy 2011: 517) As a result, many aboriginal parents refrained from speaking their heritage languages to their children in efforts to boost their chances for success in mainstream society- a generation of young Aboriginal children grew up monolingual in English- drop after residential schools. (Baloy 2011: 518) Angered by the loss of language, community leaders seek redress as the loss of language has become a symbol of government oppression and assimilation policies. Baloy 2011: 518) Reclamation of Native identity, pride, decolonization, assertion of sovereignty (Baloy 2011: 518) Henry Davis stated: â€Å"If you talk to anybody on the reserve, the chiefs will stand up and say two things of utmost importance: language and land† Dual significance What bout about Urban Aboriginals? (Baloy 2011: 518) Urban vs. Remote comparison, similarities, contrasts Urban Example: Vancouver Diversity of British C olumbia- Western Canada Vancouver is located in the traditional lands of the Musequea, Squamish, Tsleil-Watuth. The Katzie, Kwantlen, Sto:lo, Tswassan- recognized as local First nations. Umbrella Coast Salish- Squaimish and Musqueam have urban reserves- Musqueam’s language: Henqeminem- no fluent speakers though there are some semifluent speakers- efforts to restore and revitalize language- Squamish: Skwxwu7mesh Snichim- some fluent speakers, working toward language revival (Baloy 2011: 519) From beginning Vancouver’s development aboriginal nonlocal aboriginal people have made the city for temporary or long-term settlement. Great diversity of aboriginal people living on traditional Coast Salish homelands. Vancouver jobs, education and services. Baloy 2011: 520)There are over thirty five First nations groups represented in the city. First Nations groups are represented in the city in additional to Metis and Inuit peoples. There are now over forty thousand people who identify as aboriginal in the Metro Vancouver area. 1/5 of the total aboriginal population in the province. (Baloy 2011: 520) The number of Aboriginal people has risen in Vancouver- 30% since 1996. Aboriginal peoples living in the city continue to grow- (Baloy 2011: 520)In the early 1950’s 7% of aboriginal people in Canada lived in urban settings- Today approximately 54% of aboriginal people now living in cities. 0% in B. C Moving back and forth between city and reserve. Though many identify with a particular Native heritage and homeland, their aboriginal life is situated in city life (Baloy 2011: 520) Despite urbanization- language revitalization work has maintained mostly an on-reserve focus- reflects wider trends in social science research on aboriginal people as well as mainstream understandings of aboriginal identity (520) Cities or places that had the potential for economic development Why the city has been ignored for so long? Rural aboriginal homelands- rural bound up in colonial histories- Themes of genocide, dispossession of land, and aboriginal government relations emphasize these geo-demographic patterns Reserves are native space- Colonial practice pla ced reserves in their favor. By interrogating these processes scholars can avoid reifying colonial practices that have contributed to trop of rural aboriginal homelands. Peoples from communities across B. C and Canada have ow moved to Vancouver to live dwell on Coast Salish homelands an urban environment (524) negotiating cultural protocol in such diverse context can become somewhat impler when local people are emphaisized. Outsiders still honor the Coast Salish homelands and attempts to rvitalize language. Some people believe that the world would be a better place if we all spoke the same language. If this is true, and the world’s sole language somehow ended up being Arabic for instance, I wonder what life would be like not being able to converse with someone else in my mother tongue. My world would be inevitably enveloped in silence, I would not be able to coherently articulate stories of my heritage nor utter words that could cohesively encompass the full expression of who I am. It is undeniable that this would possibly be one of the loneliest states of existence imaginable. Unfortunately, such an unthinkable condition is in fact a stark reality for some peoples in the world. This phenomenon has mainly tightened its grasp on to weakened Indigenous communities whose dying tongues have been systematically forced to the edge of extinction on a global scale. As languages continue to disappear from the face of humanity’s cultural diversity, the need to address this issue becomes increasingly more pertinent. Unlike learning French or Spanish, within Indigenous communities, learning a language is ultimately a spiritual process. It gives peace, a sense of reality, a sense of peace. In an urban setting, learning an aboriginal language can enrich one’s links with other people from the same nation or strengthen connections to one’s aboriginal heritage on deeper personal level. Meeting these language goals requires approaches different from long-term language learning. The most intensive projects for language workers and learners aim to develop conversational, everyday use of language. (530) New words in the urban setting- like the internet, or the elevator that are not readily at hand for aboriginal peoples. This fast pace, changing the modern world is almost impossible for English to keep up with. (530) Many of their words are obsolete. Conversely, words that aboriginal langues do have in abundance, such as vocabulary related to local food procurement and specfic land features have limited relevance in the urban setting. Language is obsolete in that sense. 530) It’s now up to the community to change language to fit the city-dwellers needs. Thus making IDEOLOGICAL places for language in the city involves identifying how aboriginal languages can fit into urban people’s lives, integrating how aboriginal languages (531) What is offered in the inclusion of Native Languages in the lives of urban aboriginal people. Research participants su ggest that urban language learning can have wide-ranging effects: it can strengthen individuals bonds with their own identity and their test to homelands, community building efforts. We can’t feel our mother, we can’t feel our language. Being cut from the land they are literally cut from all meaning language. (537) Musqueam, Squamish and other local nations- resilience, connections between land, language and identity remain strong and resilient. The close connection between language and the land. Have developed by geography. Getting out in the wilderness is where language makes sense- where language is manifested. Noting that sounds emulate the land. The diversity of languages in BC- physical geography of B. C (324) How to cite Language Loss, Essay examples