Burying the White Gods free essay sample

â€Å"Burying the White Gods: New Perspectives on the Conquest of Mexico,† by Camilla Townsend, hits the points of why the Native Americans were submissive to the Spaniards. The thesis, in short, says that the Native Americans were not exactly conquered by the conquistadors. Instead, they thought the Cortes was a god, Quetzalcoatl. This in no way indicates the development, or lack thereof, in the Aztec society. The Aztecs invited the conquistadors into their society as gods; they were not conquered, per say, because of the Spain being unbearable. The first argument states that without such a misunderstanding how could a handful of Spaniards conquer the great Aztec state. The only way these so called mighty conquerors could have pulled off this unbelievable conquest is that the Aztecs were fooled in the worst way. The Aztecs fell victim to their devoutness and calendric coincidence and that could be the only reason that the mighty Aztec s feel to the quite lucky Spaniards. We will write a custom essay sample on Burying the White Gods or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If the Aztecs had not been confused by the major coincidences, they could have blew the Spaniards off like other Native American tribes, like the South Sea Islanders did with Captain Cook. Cortes just happened to be in good fortune to land on Aztec soil at this time. Another point of confusion for the Aztecs was that their god, , Quetzalcoatl, went away and was to return from the east. The Spaniards, sailing in from the east, had vast variety of technological advantages. The Aztecs confused Cortes and his crew as elites because they were in a way better equipped in all ways. This still should not knock the intellect of the Aztecs. The extremely accurate calendars and agricultural genius are just two examples of the actual intellect of the Aztecs. The Spaniards did not outsmart the Aztecs; they, per say, were outsmarted by coincidence and their own intellect. I agree with the points of the article. The Aztecs were entangled in a mass of coincidences that led to the conquering of their great society. The Aztecs could have blown off the Aztecs, as other societies had, but were cornered into their submission thanks to their devoutness in their god, Quetzalcoatl. This, in turn, does not knock the intellect of the Aztecs in anyway; their intellect is still be factored into our world today. Bibliography Townsend Camilla. Burying the White Gods: New Perspectives on the Conquest of Mexico

Q2 Technical Paper

Q2 Technical Paper Q2 Technical Paper Brown vs. Mississippi Josh Moyer Law and Public Safety Level 1 Mr. Pleasants 1/20/15 Outline A. Introduction 1.Brown vs. Mississippi 2.Defendant-Ed Brown, Henry Shields and Mr. Ellington Plaintiff-(Police) State of Mississippi 3.Case describes the police actions and the violation of the 14th amendment violated and the courts wrongs. B. Body-Case Description 1.Describing the police actions and the violation of 14th amendment and brutality also the courts final decision. C. Body-Ruling 1.The Supreme Court ruled the defendants guilty of the murder of Raymond stewart. 2. The majority of argument during the case. D. Body-Impact 1.The courts ruling today has impacted many americans against police brutality and it wouldn't be the same without it. E. Conclusion- Opinion 1. I believe that the police should have had a better reason to arrest the men The case, â€Å"Brown vs. Mississippi’, argues over the issues of police brutality on January 10th, 1936 over the murder of Raymond Stewart. The majority of the argument was about the confessions being submitted into evidence. Defendants Brown, Shield and Ellington were brought to court by the plaintiff. (The State of Mississippi Police). At 1:00am on March 30th, 1934 police found Raymond's body in his Georgia home. That night the police had an idea to who the murderers were. Police then went to Mr. Ellington’s house an brought him to the house of Raymond Stewart. They then told Ellington to confess to the murder, which Mr.Ellington said he did not do. With the opinions of a crowd of white men yelling to hang him for his crime, the police strung a rope up on a tree and hung Ellington till he couldn't breath. Letting him down and Ellington still not confessing, they did it again. After several attempts and still no confession, Deputy Sheriff Dial roughed him up somewhat and then let him go home. Later that night Shields and Brown were detained overnight. With the two in custody, Deputy Dial and a crowd of white men showed up at Ellington’s home the following morning and arrested him, also joining the other two. But on the way to the jail, Deputy Dial decided to drive into Alabama only to pull over, where he then decided to whip Mr. Ellington until he agreed to confess to any scenario the deputy decided to make up. Which later that evening he also did to Brown and Shields in jail. In court the jury which was made up of 2 sheriffs and 8 white citizens, heard the 3 defendants forced confessions on April 4th,1934. Even though the jury who had knowledge of the cruel treatment of these men, still were eligible to hear the case. The majority of the arguing done in the case was to see if the confessions would be considered as evidence or tossed out. On February 17th, 1936, the Jury along with Judge Huges convicted the defendants guilty of the murde r of Raymond Stewart. Brown v. Mississippi established the

Human Resources Management in Agricultural Industry Research Proposal

Human Resources Management in Agricultural Industry - Research Proposal Example Actually this name was there in the last century itself. It is used to serve the interest of the employee and the employer. It has become very effective in recent years and both public and private organizations have benefited significantly, to attain greater benefits for the establishment in future. (Massy, 1996). In recent years, increased competition among organizations in different spheres, has led to improvement in the performance of staff and increase in productivity. Career opportunities have also increased considerably. Organizations are doing their best for training staff to increase their performance and productivity. In addition, they have plans to develop a strategy to increase revenues and reduce costs. This task has become the responsibility of the Human Resources Management Division, which has become the pillar of every organization. (Becker& Gerhard, 1996). In this study, I go across to a study of human resources management in a large agricultural company in Saudi Arabia to determine how the application of some strategies of human resources helped to boost performance, increase productivity and reduce expenses. The title of this research is "Training Program in Almarai Agricultural Company." In this paper I will explain the method of training of this company so that the employee makes effort to increase performance and productivity. The Department of Human Resources Management is n... The research accounts for answers to the following: Does the training program satisfy purpose expected of it What is the function of the multi-purpose training program What effect does the Saudi Arabian culture have on the area of work in the company What is the opinion of graduates about the training program in the company What is the opinion of trainers about the training program in the company The research background: The Department of Human Resources Management is not a manufacturing unit and so cannot bring any profit to the organization through its product. But the strategy can bring about higher production and put an end to waste of time, which will help a long way in increasing the production and ultimately bringing in better profit to the organization. The Fundamental objective of human resources is to increase efficiency, performance and productivity (Becker & Gerhart, 1996). One of the most important needs of any organization is to develop and improve employee performance. The organization, on its part, should consider the development of its members, which would have a bearing on the ultimate results of the organization. Some studies have shown that members of the Organization could have negative or positive influence on any organization through the performance and behavior. (Boselie, 2005) Human resources management is of great help to the organization as it can improve performance of the organization and the employee. If the organization can train the staff efficiently to gain exceptionally good performance from them, it can help the organization to compete in the market. The staff member must make every effort to improve in all respects during the training period. The trainer must ensure to

Business Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business - Statistics Project Example ategy refers to an operation that an organization conducts to converse information concerning services and products to potential customers in order to induce them to purchase such products (Tellis 1). In contemporary organizations, the main aim of advertising strategy is to increase awareness of organizations’ services and products, upsurge total customers and competitors and finally, to fosters the business image of an organization. For any business entity interested in succeeding, advertisement is very vital because through it, an organization is capable of getting new customers as it increases its total consumer base. Secondly, advertisement is important as it retains the organizations’ customers thus avoiding their diversion to other products. Thirdly, advertisement escalates the total company sales because when a company advertises definite commodity, it will explain to individuals why that commodity is better than its substitute hence enhancing many people to prefer their commodity. Finally, advertisement leads to fortunate change in a company’s’ products hence increasing its total sales (Tellis 3). The main objective of carrying out this business proposal is to determine the role that advertisement plays in an organization. Secondly, the proposal intends to investigate the effect of advertisement to consumers’ consumption of goods and services (Tellis 4). My business research will entail ten business organizations in U.S that advertise their goods and services together with other ten business organizations that do not advertise their products. I will conduct random sampling from a list of both organizations that advertise their products and those that do not. I will select ten organizations from each list and collect information concerning my research questions from these organizations before concluding on my hypothesis. In collecting my research data, I will apply dissimilar data collection methods, which include; use of questionnaire and

Did Religion Shape Politics in the 1980's Research Paper

Did Religion Shape Politics in the 1980's - Research Paper Example Examples of the churches existing in the 1960’s are Catholic and Protestant ones (Goff 316). By late 1970’s, other groups of faith started emerging, and it was evident that it would be the norm. People started taking their stand regarding leaders and their faith. Some leaders were identified according to their faith. Religion has been known as the social glue that binds the constituent elements of societies together; by doing so, it underwrites the social order (Djupe and Olson 114). When civilization comes in the picture, a person wants to know what makes his or her counterpart civilized. It is very simple when considering religion as a key factor. A civilized person has conviction in something, at least the person feels or thinks there is a reason behind everything happening in his or her life. The civilization of a person in a societal was based on the religion of the person apart from being able to read and write. Religion of a person is quite imperative to the person and to the society. Someone’s faith may be the key to having what he or she thinks is best in a societal setting. One can say religion is the engine of a number of things. Yes Response It is obvious that religion did shape politics in the 1980’s. The impact of religion on politics is what brought about civil religi on in America in early 1967. Civil religion in America was defined as an institutional collection of sacred beliefs about America as a nation. The civil religion also believed that there was a transcendent being called God. The citizens believed that God had laws and rules that governed them, and the fact that God was guiding and protecting the Americans. All the leaders believed in some faith including the Reagans although they never clearly showed their religion, they were known more as protagonists than religious individuals (Wilson and DiIulio 221). Majority of American leaders were identified with the particular faith they believed to be significant. As people became more enlightened about the civil religion in America, it was not referred as the civil religion anymore, it was known as the individual credence of a person. Religion played a noteworthy role in the early 1980’s. How can one explain the fact that every standing candidate wanted to be identified with a partic ular religion? It is so clear for fame or civilization. Religion, as much as it helped unite peoples, became a tool for hypocrites to hide their true colors. Politicians went to religious functions to be seen to support a particular faith. Some of the politicians did not even believe in God or any other superficial being. The politicians worshipped their social status and money (Peterson 121). When someone sees that he or she is sharing a church with a particular politician, it is quite understandable if the person would want to vote for that particular politician. Politicians employed religion to get power, to get people to trust their ideas and visions. Religion has been known to identify people that are civil from those that are not civil. It is normal for a politician to run for a particular seat in the pretence that he or she shares in a particular faith. When people saw politicians in their different churches, they believed they were the right people to lead their nation or st ate. There is no argument to this; it is not erroneous for people to trust such a person. Politicians learned about this fact, and they used it to their advantage on the expense of the unsuspecting

Container Shipping Industry

Container Shipping Industry Outline the evolution of the structure in the container shipping industry and discuss the extent to which the structural changes are explained by increasing size of ships entering Introduction In the past especially in the last twenty years international container shipping industry and the related trade has been increasing at a tremendous rate. The period between 1980 and 2004 shows that international maritime trade grew at 2.4% compared to this the containerised cargo has increased at 8.6% with an increase of 600% over that period compared to 70% of the maritime trade. This phenomenal growth can be attributed to the many things including the growing importance of transhipment activities. As more shippers understood the advantages of container shipping ports increasingly made changes to the infrastructure and adapted to handling of cargo using containers. This growth of world container traffic has also led to an increase in the size of ships resulting in challenges and opportunities for the container shipping industry. And there is no instance of such a spectacular growth in the transportation industry. This paper outlines the evolution of the container shipping industry h ighlighting the main reasons behind the growth and development of the industry, moreover it also discusses the increasing size of the ships and its relationship with the container shipping industry. (Ircha, 2006. Volk) The Factors Behind the Growth of Container Shipping Industry Volk has studied the container shipping industry and point out four factors which have helped the container shipping industry in achieving its tremendous growth. Following are the four factors: (Volk) Significant Increase in Productivity The origins of containerisation can be found in the fall out from the 1956 Suez Crisis when the when the blocking of the Suez canal leading to an increase in demand for transportation this led to an investment of the shipping industry into ships, but the end of the crisis meant that there was an over supply of ships and eventually led to a prolonged recession in the shipping industry. In addition to this shippers are always seeking to minimise cost as the freight level generally doesnt cover the costs, this cost cutting potential led to the introduction of container ships and the LASH ships, but the container ships were much more successful. The introduction of the 20 feet and the 40 ft container led to far-reaching changes to the transportation industry, the productivity of the container shipping is 4 to 8 times to that of the traditional shipping. This enormous productivity led to the shippers being profitable even when the freight rates were low and thus remained competitive. However to really gain from the containerisation concept a lot of investment was needed in the transportation channels. Countries have gradually adapted to this change and have done it at their own pace. This is the reason that the structural changes have been taking place even today in many of the Asian, African, Baltic and Latin American Countries. The Containerisation of shipping is still in the process of penetrating many national markets this is the reason for its greater development compared too the general transportation market. Structural Changes in Shipping Due of Containerisation The structural chages in Cargo shipping industry led to the success of the container shipping industry. first many of the ports which were important were unable to make appropriate changes like creation of quays, installation of careanes etc. Due to this many important ports like Liverpool, and San Francisco were left behind. Because of concentration od cargo on a few ports led to the development of hinterland connections, for example Rotterdam and Antwerp have effective inland shipping and. Not all of the shipping industry was able to adapt to the change brought about by containerisation, because in addition to shipping the shippers had to invest in containers too. This limited the number of shippers whoi were able to containerise their business. Major difference is that has occurred because of containerisation is the increase in the efficiency of shipping. In the past ships used to spend weeks standing at ports, the trips between Northern Europe used to take eight weeks, however with the introduction of containers the trips time has halved to four weeks. With significant increase in the capital investment and fewer number of ports, and increase in the speed of ships and efficiency. Shippers now realise that the ships cannot be profitable sitting at ports as a result the idea of offering of multiple loops has emerged. Because the larger ships with containers could not reach all ports and since many poiorts did not have the capacity or the finances to support containerisation, ship rotation and feeder shipping, a network of shipping feeders has evolved. These ships function both inter-regionally and intra-regionally. There has been an evolution of the trading routes along with the evolution of containerisation. In the past the routes between different regions of the world were quite clearly defined, however with the intention of creating more efficiency, for this new concepts like the pendulum concept and the round-the-world concept evolved. The decrease in the transportation was and is passed on to the customer with increased cost reduction, the volume of cargo being transported from far-flung areas has become extremely cheap as the large ships with containers are able to achieve economies of scale. Increase in Trade Volume and its Relationship with Economies of Scale The increase in containerised trade has induced the shippers to use larger and larger ships and the large size of ships has led to economies of scale. The strategies adopted by the shippers to deal with this interdependency is to understand the limitations of investment in ships, generally ships last for about 25 year on average, therefore to cope with the steady increase in demand many shippers order ships which have extra capacity to deal with the future increase. Some shippers try to increase their market share so they can invest in more ships. The increase in capacity is not insignificant as it determines the volumes whish can be transported. Bigger ships also mean more containers, this is the reason that there is extremely stiff competition because the container ship markets have newer ships all the time increasing the competition as the customers benefit because of increased size of ships. Low transportation costs have simulated global trade as products and goods become more and more competitive on a global platform. This is the reason that containers are used for general cargo but also for break bulk cargo like transportation of salt from Australia to Europe. In addition to price container shipping is not only reliable, timely and has more geographical outreach, that industries and producers produce goods which can be containerised. In addition since the size of ships is increasing even today the transportation costs will continue to decrease as the growth of containers is more than proportionate. Deregulation and Liberalisation Deregulation and trade liberalisation occurred in the 90s particularly the Asian and the Latin American countries. Chinas entrance in world trade has also been a major part of this liberalisation. Because of this container industry has experienced an added impetus to growth. Structural Change due to Increase in Ship Size Gradually over the years, specialised container ships have steadily increased in capacity and dimension shippers try to find the economies of scale in an ever competive market. In 2004 half of the ships ordered were big enough to have a capacity of 5500 TEUs at the minimum, in addition the 36 percent of the all container ships planned for building have a capacity of 7400 TEUs. These huge ships are now becoming more common in the key trading paths which serve Asia. New orders for China Shipping Container Lines range between 8500 and 9600 TEUS. It is estimated that the new ships will be 334 metres long and 42.8 metres wide and have anticipated drafts of 15 metres or more. Even bigger ships depend on better engine technology for the vessels propulsion system. (Notteboom2004) It is believed that the next increase in ship size will be 12,000 TEUs or even more, as the limitation in the engines mean that it will take two engines for the ships larger then 10,00 TEUs. It is estimated that the maximum size of ships would be approximately 18,000 TEUs. This is based on the fact that Malaccan Straight between Indonesia and Malaysia has the relevant depth limits (Gilman 1999). Bigger container ships need: Approach channels and berths which are deeper Channels and turning basins which are wider larger container terminals which have more storage capacity and warehouses on land so that they can satisfactorily handle higher volumes of export and import containers. Outreach which is both higher and longer mechanized ship-to-shore support cranes, An extremely proficient and well-organised work force working round the clock to guarantee swift ship turnaround Cullinane et al (1999) have found that economies of scale exist in the case of Europe-Far East and trans-Pacific routes in ships with 8,000 TEU even if the limitations of ports are taken into consideration. As for trans-Atlantic route the range of 5,00 to 6,00 TEUs is ideal. However today there is less knowledge about the economies of scale related to super-big container ships. Some believe in the case of 18,000 TEUs the cost saving are negligible as they would lack flexibility. Adding post-panamax capacity can give a short-term competitive edge to the early mover, putting pressure on the followers in the market to upgrade their container fleet and to avert a serious unit cost disadvantage, i.e. the ‘me too syndrome as indicated by. A boomerang effect eventually also hurts the carrier who started the price war.   While others like Waals and Wijnolst,( 2001)insist that there would be cost saving based on hub-feeder arrangement. It is clear that the increase in scale of vessels has decreased the slot costs in container industry, however it is also significant that larger carriers have not been able to achieve cost saving from economies of scale (Lim, 1998). Moreover inefficient slot utilisation and the tendency to buy more cargo at lower rates can lead to lowered revenues. Graham states that the techniques like cost cutting by post-panamax building will not be helpful and instead will prevent the shipping industry from achieving stability. To him the danger of a brutal cycle of increase in ship scale, continuous building and decreasing margin is detrimental to the industry. he goes on to say that this increase leads to short term reduction in cost which pushes competitors into investing in still larger vessels this is confirmed by Helmick et al (1996) who thinks that it is a boomerang effect hurting the shipper who started it in the first place. Conclusion Containerisation has been revolutionary in terms of changes brought about in the transportation industry, and especially in the case of container shipping industry the change has not only led to its tremendous growth but also lowered prices. From the above discussion it becomes obvious that containerisation and subsequent steady increase in ship sizes has led to many changes however some people argue that the exercise to find achieve economies of scale is unending and this will lead to an increase in vessel size, which may go beyond 12,000 TEUs in the next few years. This is because shippers have tried to achieve savings in terms of fuel economy and economies of scale in larger ships, this is to have a larger market share and be successful in the sector. Larger ships do have lower costs per TEU than smaller ships. From the perspective of the ports, the larger vessels will be favoured in the longer rroutes, like Trans-Pacific, trans-Atlantic and Far East- Europe routes, with vessels larger than 8,000 TEUs. Ports have been gearing themselves up for bigger vessels trying to provide facilities to accommodate the huge sizes, this entails huge costs and structural adjustments, and however the incentive is to become hub ports, other ports have to make appropriate changes to remain competitive. References Cullinane, K., Khanna, M. and Song, D.-W. (1999) â€Å"How Big is Beautiful: Economies of Scale and the Optimal Size of Containership, Liner Shipping: Whats Next?† Proceedings of the 1999 IAME conference, Halifax, 108-140. Gilman, S., 1999, The size economies and network efficiency of large containerships, International Journal of Maritime Economics, 1(1) Graham, M.G. (1998). Stability and competition in intermodal container shipping: finding a balance, Maritime Policy and Management, 25(2), 129-147 Helmick, J.S., Wakeman, T.H., Stewart, R.D. (1996). Technology, intermodal transportation and port productivity: throughput maximization and environmental sustainability, The Journal of Urban Technology, 3, 11-38. Ircha, M C. (2006). Characteristics Of Tomorrows Successful Port in Crowley, Brian Lee (Ed.) The AIMS Atlantica Papers #4 http://www.aims.ca/library/Ircha.pdf. Lim, S.-M. (1998) â€Å"Economies of Scale in Container Shipping,† Maritime Policy and Management, 25: 361-373 Notteboom T E. (2004). Container Shipping And Ports: An Overview. Review of Network Economics Vol.3, Issue 2, 86-106 http://www.rnejournal.com/articles/notteboom-RNE_june_04.pdf Volk B. Growth Factors in Container Shipping. Elsfleth, Department of Marine Studies http://www.amc.edu.au/mlm/papers/AMC3_GRO.pdf Waals, F., Wijnolst, N.(2001). Malacca-max: container shipping network economy, Proceedings of the IAME 2001 conference, Hong Kong, 191-207

Herald :: Essays Papers

Herald The early Middle Ages were when Heraldry began. Knights needed a way to identify each other. The noble families developed different patterns and symbols that they would paint on their shields. These symbols served the purpose of representing their families and also, establishing who the enemy was and who the allies was in a battle. They termed these shields, coats of arms. Any family could have a coat of arms but for them to be considered official, they had to be recognized by The College of Arms. The College was where heralds trained to read and write and memorize the existing coats of arms. Therefore they were able to identify the enemies and the allies if needed to do so. A coat of arms, or blazon of arms, as they were sometimes called consisted of several parts. These components were the shield, the crest, the helm, the wreath and the mantle. The shield contained the symbols and their colors. The crest is what goes on top of the helmet. The helm or helmet varied in accordance with the rank of the knight, the time period, or the herald's preference. The wreath consisted of the metal and the primary color. And the design of the mantle also varied with the herald's preference. The herald's used a variety of colors like gold, silver, red, blue, green and black on the shields. But the colors were not there for decoration. They symbolized specific meanings. For example, silver stood for peace and sincerity, whereas black stood for consistency and grief. Red was considered to be the martyr's color and blue meant truth and loyalty. But along with the colors were objects or actual symbols that represented certain meanings. There were many more symbols than there were colors. There was a symbol starting with most of the letters of the alphabet. The meanings of the different symbols were even more specific than those of the colors. For example, a hawk stood for one who does not rest until he achieves his objective. Another symbol was a battle-axe, which stood for the execution of military duty. There were probably almost a hundred, if not more, of these symbols used.